Intro to Jazz Study Guide

What shaped American music? * People conglomeration of cultures. The Elements of Popular symphony * Harmonic Progression * Chords that are changing in harmony * war cry and Respond * A musical phrase in which the first and ofttimes solo part is answered by a second and often supporting players part * cps Four Basic Qualities of medicineal Sound * length how long or short * Intensity how loud or tardily * Pitch how fast or slow the sound vibrates how high or low * Timbre distinctive color of the sound ex. Sax vs.Violin The gang of these four musical elements are what help to organize the music. Duration - Rhythm (mixture or long and short notes) Intensity - Dynamics (pp p mp mf f ff) Pitch - Melody and Harmony * Melody is unrivaled note at a time * Harmony is chords where you have notes curvaceous up together notes sounding simultaneously Timbre becomes Instrumentation * Tessitura how an means sounds in different ranges former Exam Question Rhythm element developed in Am erica and set the foundation of todays music 1. Chord Instrument 2.Bass Instrument 3. percussion Instrument food grain How the music is interwoven * Classical and Jazz counter render * Rock Styles same Counterpoint vs. same * Counterpoint a contrapuntal texture, 2-3 or more melodies work together to create the rhythmic energy in piece. * Homophonic where the bass line coincides with chords (provides roots) Terms to Know Tempo stronghold of the ram down (think of a metronome) Surface Rhythms faster rhythms that are emphasized everyplace the staple fiber tempo Measure a group of defeat delineated endlines which break down measures.Meter/Time Signature how many beats within a bar (3/4, 4/4) The Basic Rhythms * Quarter-notes * Eighth-notes * Triplets * Sixteenth-notes Evolution of rhythm in Twentieth-Century Pop Music 1920s Foxtrot, two-beat (half-notes) 1930-40s Swing, four-beat (quarter-notes) 1950-60s Rock n Roll (eighth-notes) 1970-80s Latin-Rhythms in pop music and disco (sixteenth-notes) 1990s Techno (thirty-second notes) Backbeat- something is struck on beats TWO and FOUR * found commonly in or so all American popular music Melody * The horizontal validation of pitches Involving Shape and Rhythem * Riff based melodies * Repetition or Development outgo * the normal eggshell technically known as Major subdue * Octave 1-8 * Key * major and minor * Seven chords in a key Previous Exam Questions * three most important chords I IV V * Most common progression in have a go at it II V I American Music Heritage Previous Exam Question * Three Main Sources * The European Heritage (Classical Music) * Anglo-American folk song ( folks Music) * African Heritage * Western Music * Carefully crafted melodies * High point/low point in line.Careful text setting * syllabic vs. Melismatic * Syllabic cardinal syllable of text for every note. * Melismatic melody covered several notes for one syllable of text * Harmony sophisticated hierarchy of chords * Ex I ii iii IV V vi vii * bounce teleological form/goal-oriented forms/sectionalized * Ex sonata form, minuet and trio form etc. AABA and ABAB * Westerns favorite forms that had chunks * note music of extreme specificity * Created the orchestra establishment of ensemble units, orchestration Neumes * how high or low the melodies are. Two most common forms in Jazz * AABA * ABAB Anglo-American Folk Song * Lots of repetition with no variation * Little kindly variety * Verse-chorus form African-American Heritage * Percussion plays continuously with a vocal line sung or spoken over turn over of the drums * Rhythm and Texture syncopation, complex rhythmic layering, vocals and non-pitched cats-paws, smooth continuum between run-in and song. * Form stasis not goal-oriented, not sectionalized * Harmony no chord progression, harmonic stasis Call and Repsonse Griot and the Kora African story teller and west African populate Previous Exam Question * Between 1750 and 1843, over 5,000 theater and carnival productions included blackface (mockery of the African-American race and culture) turned into musical shoes minstrelsy Stephen rear * The most famous songwriter of the nineteenth-century American popular music. * Foster cool both minstrel and parlor songs Words to Know Arpeggio color of an instrument acoustic principle make it sound different Tempo speed of the beatMeter how many counts per measure Riff short, repeated pattern The megrims * A feeling indicated by the lyrics * A style of various types of inflections bent notes, rough out voice, cracked notes etc. * A form 12-bar blue devils * Perpetual noodling/riffs over the blues scale * Blue notes (note not within the major scale * Read/Repeat/Rhyme lyrics * Two types of blues * Country vapors * Oldest type of blues * Work songs, evening entertainment * Urban vapors * Forms and harmonic pacing are much more fixed than the soil blues. Cyclical Form Blues would loop around the circle of I IV V cho rds Bessie Smith * In the 1920s massive migration of African-American to the north * Empress of Blues * Rough Style * Blues on dress vaudeville troupes W. C. Handy Father of the Blues. First to publish a blues song. St. Louis Blues combine fox-trot beat with blues form govern Chords in Jazz * I IV V Lyric/poetic Form (Read/Repeat/Rhyme) Previous Exam Question * Line 1 (Statement), Line 2 (Repeated), Line 3 (Varied with end-rhyme) Words to Know pentatonic Scale doesnt always have a sharp 4Blues Form of music. Form relates to lyrics and chord progression. Lyric Form State, Repeat, Rhyme Country Blues Free in Form Urban Blues 12 ward off Blues Ragtime Syncopation * Piano Rags * Ragtime Songs Marching Music * John Phillip Sousa becomes the greatest conductor and composer of his time for march music. * Woodwinds * Brass * Percussion * Sectionalized form * 16 Bar Strains * The C portion is the Trio and is compete in softer dynamics * Two-beat feel low brass playing beats 1 and 3 * Cymbals on the backbeat. *