Human Behaviour In Organization Essay

We need to psychoanalyse tender sort notwithstanding as we spark officipate in the day-to-day processes and morselivities of charitable life. The need to regard the air of former(a)s especially those we cum in cont dally with, and the need to anticipate and presage how otherwises whitethorn dally in received situations ar important since we be touch on by their twistions.We reckon kind-hearted doings in order to cause an accord of the actions of mickle. Its professional analysis could very hearty help an face achieve its goals and pave the way for more than productive relationships among item-by-items in chemical conventions and among groups in the brass. Hellrieger and Slocum expressed . . . events do non occur merely by chance, exactly rather, that events argon linked together. By intellect and learnedness to anticipate the fashion of others, we in whatsoever case learn to influence others as shown in Miltons model of understanding, predicting, and influencing. The understanding of deals expression take aims the anticipation and prophecy of events easier and smoother. We move thus influence them to think, feel, and act accordingly.The study of man look is sure indispensable in the formulation of uprightnesss, rules, policies, and so on Society sess non function at its maximal for the people if its comp 1nts of the organization in which the individual belongs do not have guidelines that are appropriate and that provide for the satisfaction of his involve and for the attainment of his goals.The realm of science and engine room lead be designless without the study of charitable being port for it is their aim to make man live better and easier. Scientists and technologists wouldnt know what to invent if they are not familiar with mans involve.Business, especially marketing, will not thrive without a study of peoples wants and desires. gay would not and basenot buy all the products and service the compa ny offers. Selective buying is a conduct that an organization should be sensible of and understand. For a firm, studying behavior can increase its productivity for it provides noesis and reading which can be the bases for improving its performance, for coherent decision and policy- fashioning, for better planning and organizing, force and human choices recruitment, screening, selection, promotion, and development.It is worthwhile to study human behavior primarily because we are part of the human race, and it is by studying human behavior that we look not just now into the soulfulnessality of others scarce into our personalities as head. We come to terms with ourselves, understand contrasting aspects of our personality, and induce ways to improve ourselves and grow. Through introspection, we make self-awareness, an important ingredient in relating ourselves with others. temperament AND SCOPE OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR any act of an individual person which is considered human beh avior is a reflection factor of his thoughts, feelings, emotions, sen judgment of convictionnts whether conscious or not. It mirrors his needs, reputes, motivation, aspirations, conflicts, and state of life. behaviour, therefore, consists of all human activities. clement behavior occurs anywhere and everywhere. It is attached alone, with another person, with a group or an organization. The principles and concepts that underlie behavior are basic. It is their murder and practice that differ from group to group or from one country to another. tender-hearted behavior which is also move forwarded human act is distinct from act of man. When man performs an act with free will, he does a human act. He is responsible for such act which is performed with alternatives to choose from. It is free will from whence responsibility emanates and flows that makes man a human being perform human acts or human behavior.An act of man is performed by one who is forced to do so at the risk of hi s own life. He does not have any other alternative/s to choose from. He is not given the opportunity to use his free will and thus, he is not responsible for this act. He, therefore, commits an act of man. An example is a man marrying a woman at the point of a gun. Instincts and reflexes are other examples of acts of man.Human behavior can be understood best by evolution frame run aways from the behavioral sciences which represent a positive body of knowledge pertaining to why and how people behave as they do.ASSUMPTIONS1. every person is significantly different from the moment of conception. From the time an individual is conceived, he undergoes a overplus of changes physical, mental, social, psychological as he grows and develops from puerility to adulthood.2. either person is a always active, goal-seeking organism. Whether consciously or unconsciously, he is goal-oriented.3. Every person is dynamic. Status quo does not characterize his state since he is barraged by differ ent forces around him.4. The characteristics of an organization influence the behavior of the entire organization and, to a wide extent, the behavior of individuals within it as well.5. Behavior cannot be predicted with one hundred percent accuracy since it arises from the varying needs and value arrangings of many different people.6. There are no simple formulas for working with people. No one best answer. No beau ideal organization exists, neither an ideal person.CONCEPTS1. well-nigh all behavior is learned. This applies to adults and children whose learning can be altered. However, this is not true to a in the altogetherly born infant and to a fetus in the mothers womb. The former sucks milk from the mothers breast through instinct. By and large, learning is the first step in behaving. whatsoever is learned can be circumscribed or changed2. Human being adapt. In accordance with their needs and values, individuals adjust to their environment. When their new learnings are co ngruent with their value dodging, they adopt them. What is adopted becomes part of their culture.PRINCIPLES1. Thorndikes right of effect states that behavior which is followed by a satisfying state of affairs tends to be repeated but a behavior followed by an unsatisfactory conditions tends to be extinguished.2. Stimuli are those forces which bear upon the sensory organs of our v sensory input channels sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch. The impact of stimuli is a function of frequency, recency, and felt intensity. Communication, in all cases, consists of the creation of stimuli.3. Behavior is ca employ but its causality is uncertain and usually multiple. It whitethorn be classified as having either a rational (cognitive) or an stimulated (affective) basis.4. Classical conditioning is a healthy technique for altering the behavior of others. alone mans freedom of the will makes him responsible for his actions.5. There are no both individuals who are a give care in all d imensions. The differences become more touch as they are compared from the physical to the socio-psychological components. Hence, the neat disparity in behavior even between twins, since behavior is a reflection of a persons physical, mental, psychological characteristics.METHODS OF STUDYING HUMAN BEHAVIORHuman behavior is a phenomenon which was observed, described, and speculated on promptly sans any formal and written objectives and procedures. The attention of good relationships between and among individuals and groups was considered an art which primarily used speculation, informal and irregular placard of people and incidents. Philosophy based on speculation and logic and physiology based on experimental observation were the only two important approaches to the study of human behavior.The study of human behavior as a science began only in the nineteenth century. It was an offshoot of the studies in various disciplines like psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economic s. Its foundations are rooted in these sciences. The methods used in the study of human behavior are the same as those in other sciences experiments, surveys and case method. It makes use of observation, interview, questionnaire, cease list, scales psychological tests, and statistics.1. THREE-LEVEL METHOD. Milton proposed a model of studying human behavior at common chord levels individual, group, and organization. It is called the I-G-O Model. This classification is the basis for differentiating the content of the courses in human behavior offered at the three program levels in schools. At the undergrad level, the individual is the focus of attention in the masters program, emphasis is placed on the group, and at the doctoral level, human behavior is study at the organizational level.2. interdisciplinary MODEL. Human behavior in organization is inter- and multi-disciplinary. At the individual level, psychology provides knowledge of perception, motivation and learning, while p hysiology and anatomy gives nurture and principles on the body and how it works. At the group level. Sociology and other disciplines like social work and education have given more than contribution. Sociology offers insights into the roles, norms, authority, power, influence and status. Anthropology and other sciences like economics, business, law and medicine have wrought more changes and influences on human behavior at the organizational level. Culture and its artifacts are the main contribution of anthropology in the study of behavior in organization.HUMAN BEHAVIORINDIVIDUALGROUPORGANIZATIONPsychologySociology AnthropologyPhysiology fond Work Economics, Business Anatomy didactics Law, MedicineVARIOUS SCIENCES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE taking into custody OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR3. DEVELOPMENTAL MODEL. throng grow and move to higher levels of resourcefulness, creativity, competency, and self-realization through proper maintenance, recognition, and development programs. Keith and Davis call this the human resources (supportive)approach. These basic and potent needs are recognized and fulfilled by the organization which considers them as the central resource in any organization and any society.To the extent that people are well screened and selected, maintained and supported, recognized and developed, they can bring in and develop the various artifacts of an organization philosophy (mission, goals, objectives, aims), funds (equity, borrowings, loans), values (needs, responsibilities), facilities (land, building, equipment, supplies), and technology (processes, knowhow). People are the main crux and heart of the organization, the six components are at their beck and call. These six components affect the individual who alters his behavior in a context which he himself has created.4. SYSTEMS MODEL. A social system is a difficult and dynamic set of relation- ships among its actors interacting with one another. An organization is a social system consisting of variou s separate at its subsystems. The systems surmise posits that the organization is an open system with midland and external factors impinging on its subsystems making it very fluid, tenuous, dynamic and complex and these parts are interdependent and relate with separately other This concept is opposed to the traditional view of a closed system with independent and uninterrelated parts.5. CONTINGENCY MODEL. The varied factors in each problematic situation may constitute a unique condition. The problem- problem solver must explicitly consider the particularized conditions to which a problem relates instead of solely prescribing a solution which may have worked elsewhere but under different conditions. This means that no solution can work under all circumstances. Every problem must be studied and analyzed in light of complex factors that may br highly interrelated with each other.